This research represents a breakthrough in integrating energy-return elements into upper limb sports prosthetics by applying advanced 3D printing techniques that enhance both functionality and control. Designed specifically for a basketball prosthetic, the force-sensing springs are engineered to replicate natural energy-return mechanisms similar to those found in human joints. These springs compensate for forces typically generated by wrist and finger movements to provide a greater range of motion and improved control, essential for high-impact sports activities.

Beyond offering passive energy return, these force-sensing springs actively measure and respond to mechanical deflection to enhance user feedback and responsiveness. This dual functionality is critical for effective prosthetic use in sports settings and allows for more intuitive and precise interaction. Using multi-material 3D printing, the springs are tailored to meet the specific mechanical requirements of an upper limb prosthetic. This innovative step expands the application of energy-return mechanisms to new areas that have yet to be widely explored.

This work exemplifies my commitment to advancing assistive technology through novel material exploration. By extending energy-return mechanisms to upper limb prosthetics, this research pushes the limits of what these devices can achieve in terms of performance and user experience. The project improves mobility in sports applications and creates pathways for broader innovations in prosthetic design to bring us closer to a future where prosthetics provide functionality that matches or even surpasses natural movement.